Active Learning- I think we can describe acive leraning as deep learning too.According to the Biggs(1999) "Students focus their attention on the underlying meaning or message. They attempt to relate ideas together and construct their own meaning, possibly in relation to their own experience"
But it is totally diffrent from passive leaning which Students focus their attention on isolated details. They are often trying to memorize these individual details in the same form in which they first appeared. (Biggs, 1999)